In the contemporary world it has been widely upheld that human rights norms and standards have come to play a distinctive role in international life. However, the war of August 2008 between Russia and Georgia has demonstrated that the gap between the promise and the practice of human rights still remains huge. The analysis of the Russia-Georgia conflict nature and its dynamic leads to the major conclusions that, though the human rights regime has grown to the extent that it became almost impossible to ignore its importance in contemporary international relations, the persistence of human rights abuses, double standards and selectivity in human rights interventionism point to the gap between rhetoric and reality. The international human...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-8653-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Die Einklagung von fundamentalen Grundrechten vor dem Europaischen Gerichtshof fur Menschenrechte – ein Meilenstein in der Entwicklung des internationalen Menschenrechtsschutzes. Ein Ruckstau von derzeit uber 100.000 Beschwerden und eine Wartezeit von gemittelt vier Jahren fur Beschwerdefuhrer lassen jedoch Befurchtungen aufkommen, das System konnte an seinem eigenen Erfolg zerbrechen. Das 14. Zusatzprotokoll, das durch eine Reihe von verfahrensrechtlichen Anderungen Abhilfe schaffen soll, scheitert seit Jahren am Widerstand eines einzigen Staates: der Russischen Foderation. Russland – Mitglied des Europarates seit 1996 – bestatigt damit erneut seinen Status als Sorgenkind dieser Organisation. Die Autorin beleuchtet die...

ISBN: 978-3-6392-7190-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The specific focus of this book is to examine the intense debate on the moral and legal status of the embryo and fetus in South Africa. The most important findings are that current South African legislation remains fragmented and ineffective in the manner in which embryonic stem cell research and cloning are regulated. This finding leads to a summary of recommendations, which attempts to provide specific remedies in order to adapt the current regulatory framework in South Africa. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-3-8433-5913-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The proliferation of nuclear weapons is one of the most challenging security issues of today. In September 2009 reports of a newly discovered nuclear facility, the Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant, raised the question if Iran is in compliance with the obligations under its Safeguards Agreement, which was concluded with the International Atomic Energy Agency in accordance with the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The paper seeks to provide a basis for understanding the problematic from an international legal perspective, using international treaty law as tool of analysis. For the interpretation of Iran's rights and obligations the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties is applied on Iran's Safeguards Agreement. Furthermore, the report discusses...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-5141-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Der Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 gilt als eine der einschneidensten Anderungen des US-amerikanischen Kapitalmarktrechts seit der Weltwirtschaftskrise in den dreissiger Jahren des vergangenen Jahrhunderts. Seine Auswirkungen machen an der Grenze der USA jedoch nicht halt, da Anknupfungspunkt zur Anwendung der Regelungen die Borsennotierung in den USA ist. Im Mittelpunkt des Interesses in Literatur und Praxis steht dabei die Section 404, die eine Prufung des unternehmensinternen Kontrollsystems durch den Abschlussprufer vorsieht. Die Section 404 und die damit zusammenhangenden Konzepte bilden daher auch den Schwerpunkt dieses Buches. Dabei wird der Sarbanes-Oxley Act mit seinen wichtigsten Ausfuhrungsbestimmungen dargestellt und Losungswege...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-3297-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Pharmaceutical product patents have recently become the focus of attention for health activists and governments worldwide, largely because of their direct effect on people's lives and survival; particularly the thousands suffering from HIV/AIDS. On 30 August 2003, pursuant to the adoption of the Doha Declaration on TRIPs Agreement and Public Health [14/11/01], the WTO Council for TRIPs met to find a solution to the difficulty faced by countries with insufficient or no capacity to manufacture drugs. It was resolved that developed countries could now issue compulsory licenses for purposes of exporting HIV/AIDS drugs to developing countries. Prior to this resolution, compulsorily licensed products were restricted only to the domestic market...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-1426-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Zu der Klangskulptur SCHICHTEN muss der Besucher eigentlich nur wissen, dass er in Art und Weise seiner Betrachtung und Handlung so frei sein kann, wie es ihm moglich ist. Es bleibt eine Sache der individuellen Aufmerksamkeit und Betrachtung, einen passenden oder auch absurden Wirkungszusammenhang zwischen Objekt, Individuum und Welt herzustellen. Mir geht es dabei um die Aufmerksamkeitsverteilung zwischen Technik, Mensch und Ort. Die Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Erzeugung, Lenkung und Verdeckung verschiedener Aufmerksamkeitszustande, sowie deren Wechselwirkung. Mich interessieren dabei vor allem technologische, wie auch kultursoziologische Strukturdynamiken. Zu den individuellen Wahrnehmungszustanden gesellen sich die jeweiligen...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-3267-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Scopes Trial—formally known as The State of Tennessee vs. Scopes and informally known as the Scopes Monkey Trial—was an American legal case in 1925 in which high school biology teacher John Scopes was accused of violating the state's Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach evolution. Scopes was found guilty, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality and he was never punished. The trial drew intense national publicity, as national reporters flocked to the small town of Dayton, to cover the big-name lawyers representing each side. William Jennings Bryan, three time presidential candidate for the Democrats argued for the prosecution, while Clarence Darrow, the famed defense...

ISBN: 978-6-1327-2032-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Scottish Government (Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba Scots: Scots Government), legally the Scottish Executive, is the executive arm of the devolved government of Scotland. It was established in 1999 as the Scottish Executive, from the extant Scottish Office, and the term Scottish Executive remains its legal name under section 44 of the Scotland Act 1998. Following the 2007 Scottish Parliament election, the term Executive was rebranded and changed to Government by the new Scottish National Party administration. This terminology has been adopted by all of the main Scottish political parties, by the Scottish media, and by the United Kingdom's other devolved administrations. The UK...

ISBN: 978-6-1303-6853-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger. One of the world's earliest well documented SAR efforts ensued following the 1656 wreck of the Dutch merchant ship Vergulde Draeck off the coast of Australia. Survivors sent for help, and in response three separate SAR missions were conducted, without success. Mountain rescue relates to search and rescue operations specifically in rugged and mountainous terrain. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1304-4273-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

ISBN: 978-3-8383-7213-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

In this work an overview of specific possibilities to secure a maritime claim available to claimants from all over the world, based on the legal regimes of arrest of ships in Norway and Ukraine, as well as on Rule B attachment is given. Due to the fact, that International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships (1952) was ratified by Norway, and not ratified by Ukraine, such analysis will give to the reader an overview of possible complications, which can arise, when arrest of a ship is sought in a country party to Brussels convention and in a country, which is not. With respect to Norway specific attention is paid to the issues of arrest of a ship, not owned by a debtor, as well as to the specific requirements of "arrest...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-5754-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The present research deals with the legal dimensions concerning the supply security of natural gas, relying on the existing political and economic environment.The research provides a legal analysis of the currently existing international and European Union legislation, as well as other effective measures aimed at ensuring ‘the security of natural gas supply'.It argues that the current legally binding provisions regulating the security of natural gas supply in relations between the EU and Russia are not sufficient and effective enough to ensure stable and undisrupted supply. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-7111-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

This book continues the series Select Proceedings of the European Society of International Law, containing the proceedings of the Fourth Biennial Conference organised by ESIL and the University of Cambridge in 2010. The title of the conference was `International Law 1989-2010: A Performance Appraisal`. The highlights, selected for publication in this volume, cover a wide spectrum of topics in international law.

ISBN: 9781849462020
Дата выхода: январь 2012

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Le Senat conservateur est institue par la Constitution de l'an VIII de la Republique francaise (9 novembre 1799) (Consulat). Il constitue, avec le Tribunat et le Corps legislatif, une des trois assemblees legislatives du Consulat. La Constitution de l'an X et la Constitution de l'an XII (18 mai 1804), instaurant l'Empire, renforcent l'importance de cette assemblee. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1317-1166-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Das Thema "Wohnen im Alter" sollte nicht ausschliesslich unter dem Aspekt der Barrierefreiheit betrachtet werden. Vielmehr sind auf diesem Gebiet samtliche Abhangigkeiten zwischen dem Wohnraum einerseits und sozialen Kontakten, Unabhangigkeit oder einem guten Lebensgefuhl andererseits zu berucksichtigen. Als solches bildet Seniorengerechtes Wohnen einen wichtigen Bestandteil der Stadtentwicklungsplanung. Neue Anforderungen an die Kommunen machen dabei den Bezug zur Nachhaltigkeit deutlich, denn unter dem Motto "global denken – lokal handeln" soll gerade auf kommunaler Ebene eine nachhaltige Entwicklung angestrebt werden, was durch die Agenda 21, der UNO-Konferenz fur Umwelt und Entwicklung zum Ausdruck kommt. Данное...

ISBN: 978-3-6393-0748-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Aircraft engines are regarded as the most valuable component part of the aircraft, whereby they can be easily detached from the aircraft and be affixed to another aircraft in a very limited period of time. As a result of aviation practice, engines may be also financed separately than the aircraft. However, considering the extremely movable character of engines, security rights created on engines have been subject to a strong legal debate over the last few years. More specifically the primary issue is how it will be legally possible to protect the title holder of the engine or the creditors' rights towards third parties. This book analyses the legal difficulties in creating security rights on engines with great focus on the application of...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-4765-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Arbitral tribunals and ad hoc committees set up under the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and nationals of other States administered by the International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) have produced a large number of awards.One of such awards is the landmark case of Klockner v. Cameroon.This case marks a turning point in ICSID's history. In this book the author raises the difficulty in ensuring the finality of arbitral awards.He brings out the intricacies over ICSID's competence in Klockner's case and examines the applicable law in international investment contracts not leaving out the duty of frankness and loyalty in such international contracts. The book promises to be an...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-8884-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Shafer v. South Carolina, 532 U.S. 36 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case decided in 2001. The case concerned the ability of a defendant to tell the jury that, absent a penalty of death, a penalty of life imprisonment would not permit early release of a prisoner on parole. While the question had been decided in the case of Simmons v. South Carolina, this case dealt with the extent of the ruling. Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote the Opinion of the Court, which reversed the decision of the South Carolina Supreme Court, finding in favor of Shafer. She wrote that "whenever future dangerousness is at...

ISBN: 978-6-1342-5653-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Snow Leopard Commando Unit is a special police unit of the People's Republic of China under the People's Armed Police, tasked with counter-terrorism, riot control, and other special tasks such as anti-hijacking, and bomb disposal. The SLCU, along with the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau's Beijing SWAT unit, was tasked with many of the security responsibilities of the 2008 Summer Olympics.Officially, the SLCU is known to be as the 3rd Group, 13th Detachment, People's Armed Police Beijing General Corp. The former Snow Wolf name was bestowed on the unit because of the known tenacity of arctic wolves and their ability to both survive and thrive in extremely harsh conditions....

ISBN: 978-6-1313-6569-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Officially known as the Canadian Forces 431 Air Demonstration Squadron, the Snowbirds are Canada's military aerobatics or air show flight demonstration team whose purpose is to "demonstrate the skill, professionalism, and teamwork of Canadian Forces personnel".The squadron is under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Forces Air Command and is based in CFB Moose Jaw, near Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. The Snowbirds are the first Canadian air demonstration team to be designated as a squadron. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1313-9526-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

For decades, the International Financial Institutions (IMF, World Bank) have been viewed as the epitome of neo-liberal policies, resulting in a problematic relationship with standards of social law and social rights, as developed by the ILO. Considering recent developments, could one speak of an evolving change in the sense of new social policies of these Institutions? And what could be the role of social dialogue in this process? The author analyses these questions with a view to the post-communist European region, which has been at the very heart of IFI activities both in the glory days of the so-called Washington consensus as well as in the different international environment following the eruption of the global financial crisis....

ISBN: 978-3-6392-7623-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The term "soft law" refers to quasi-legal instruments which do not have any legally binding force, or whose binding force is somewhat "weaker" than the binding force of traditional law, often contrasted with soft law by being referred to as "hard law". Traditionally, the term "soft law" is associated with international law, although more recently it has been transferred to other branches of domestic law as well. The term "soft law" is also often used to describe various kinds of quasi-legal instruments of the European Communities: "codes of conduct", "guidelines", "communications" etc. In the area of law of the European Communities, soft law instruments are often used to indicate how the...

ISBN: 978-6-1330-4236-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The thesis focuses on the efficacy of some of the steps being taken in South Africa to overcome racial inequality. It examines the legal framework the country has put in place and how well that is being implemented in practice under the new constitution between 1996 - 2000. Given that inequality is so widespread, an emphasis is being placed on some representative areas such as political rights, education and employment. Achieving racial equality involves time and efficient affirmative action measures. However, institutions took longer to be set up than had been anticipated and the courts have problems establishing a strong and coherent body of equality jurisprudence. The majority of white people continue to hold the economic power. There...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-1127-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! There are generally regarded to be three sources of Singapore law: legislation, judicial precedents (case law) and custom. Legislation can be divided into statutes and subsidiary legislation. Statutes are written laws enacted by the Singapore Parliament, as well as by other bodies which had power to pass laws for Singapore in the past. Statutes enacted by these other bodies may still be in force if they have not been repealed. One particularly important statute is the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, which is the supreme law of Singapore – any law enacted by the Legislature after the commencement of the Constitution which is inconsistent with it is, to the extent of the...

ISBN: 978-6-1304-0288-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011