Все о внутреннем устройстве современного компьютера и периферийного оборудования, исчерпывающие источники информации о «железе» для энтузиастов и профессионалов – в этом разделе. Здесь представлена самая актуальная литература по ремонту, модернизации, работе с аппаратными прерываниями - от классической энциклопедии Модернизация и ремонт ПК, выдержавшей уже 19-е переиздание, до руководства Железо 2011, а также детальному описанию архитектуры микропроцессоров , BIOS, современных шинных протоколов.
Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. CLP(R) is a declarative programming language. It stands for Constraint logic programming (Real) where real refers to the real numbers. It can be considered and is generally implemented as a superset or add-on package for a Prolog implementation. In computer science, declarative programming is a programming paradigm that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow. Many languages applying this style attempt to minimize or eliminate side effects by describing what the program should accomplish, rather than describing how to go about accomplishing it. This is in contrast with imperative...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5198-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. ClearTalk is a formal language for expressing information. It is designed to be both human-readable (being based on English) and easily processed by a computer. Anyone who can read English can immediately read ClearTalk, and the people who write ClearTalk learn to write it while using it. The ClearTalk system itself does most of the training through use: the restrictions are shown by menus and templates and are enforced by immediate syntactic checks. By consistently using ClearTalk for its output, a system reinforces the acceptable syntactic forms. Данное издание не является...
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2379-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. CMN-GOMS stands for Card, Moran and Newell GOMS. CMN-GOMS is the original version of the GOMS technique in human computer interaction. It takes the name after its creators Stuart Card, Thomas P. Moran and Allen Newell who first described GOMS in their 1983 book The Psychology of Human Computer Interaction.This technique requires a strict goal-method-operation-selection rules structure. The structure is rigid enough that the evaluator represents the tasks in a pseudo-code format (no formal syntax is dictated). It also provides a guide for how to formulate selection rules. This method can also be used to estimate...
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2395-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In computer programming, CobolScript is a COBOL-based scripting language. CobolScript has syntax familiar to COBOL programmers and is used for data conversion, batch interfaces, and server-side scripting. It has versions for Microsoft Windows, Linux, SunOS and FreeBSD. Matt Dean is one of CobolScript's creators. By default, CobolScript uses the grave accent to delimit strings (although this can be changed using command-line options). Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5203-8
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Cocktail sort, also known as bidirectional bubble sort, cocktail shaker sort, shaker sort (which can also refer to a variant of selection sort), ripple sort, shuffle sort, shuttle sort or happy hour sort, is a variation of bubble sort that is both a stable sorting algorithm and a comparison sort. The algorithm differs from bubble sort in that it sorts in both directions on each pass through the list. This sorting algorithm is only marginally more difficult to implement than bubble sort, and solves the problem with so-called turtles in bubble sort. Данное издание не является...
ISBN: 978-6-1342-1980-8
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. CODE (computationally-oriented display environment) is a visual programming language and system for parallel programming, which lets users compose sequential programs into parallel programs. The parallel program is a directed graph, where data flows on arcs linking the nodes representing the sequential programs. The programs may be written in any language, and CODE outputs parallel programs for a variety of architectures, as its model is architecture independent. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5217-5
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Code bloat is the production of code that is perceived as unnecessarily long, slow, or otherwise wasteful of resources. Code bloat can be caused by inadequacies in the language in which the code is written, inadequacies in the compiler used to compile the code, or by a programmer. Therefore, code bloat generally refers to source code size (as produced by the programmer) but sometimes is used to refer instead to the generated code size or even the binary file size. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-8500-5
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A software code audit is a comprehensive analysis of source code in a programming project with the intent of discovering bugs, security breaches or violations of programming conventions. It is an integral part of the defensive programming paradigm, which attempts to reduce errors before the software is released. C and C++ source code is the most common code to be audited since many higher-level languages, such as Python, have fewer potentially vulnerable functions (e.g., functions that do not check bounds). Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга...
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2405-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In distributed computing, code on demand is a general term for any technology that sends executable software programs from a server computer to a client computer upon request from the client's software (e.g., browser). Code on demand is a specific use of mobile code. A well-known example for the code on demand paradigm are Java applets: An applet's program code lies inactive on some web server until a user (client) requests a web page that contains a link to the applet using the client's web browser. Upon this request, the web page and the applet are transported to the user's machine using HTTP. When the page is...
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2410-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Coding by exception is an anti-pattern where software quickly degrades in performance and maintainability because it evolves by having special case functionality added piecemeal. This typically happens because an existing piece of software is extended to cover requirements that were not previously considered at the project's inception. This anti-pattern is unrelated to software exception handling. As a general rule, well designed software projects contain very few corner cases. There are a variety of software development methodologies that purport to help engineers develop software that avoid these corner cases....
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2414-8
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. CoffeeScript is a programming language that compiles statement-by-statement to JavaScript. The language adds syntactic sugar inspired by Ruby and Python to enhance JavaScript's brevity and readability, as well as adding more sophisticated features like array comprehension and pattern matching.On December 13, 2009, Jeremy Ashkenas made the first git commit of CoffeeScript with the comment: "Initial commit of the mystery language." The compiler was written in Ruby. On February 21, he committed version 0.5, which replaced the Ruby compiler with one written in pure CoffeeScript. By that time the project had...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5223-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Cognitive dimensions or Cognitive dimensions of notations are design principles for notations, user interfaces and programming language design, described by researchers Thomas R.G. Green and Marian Petre. The dimensions can be used to evaluate the usability of an existing information artefact, or as heuristics to guide the design of a new one. Cognitive dimensions are designed to provide a lightweight approach to analysis of a design quality, rather than an in-depth, detailed description. They provide a common vocabulary for discussing many factors in notation, UI or programming language design. Also, cognitive...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-8505-0
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. colorForth is a programming language from the Forth programming language's original designer, Chuck Moore, developed in the 1990s. There was an earlier predecessor called 386 OK which appeared for sale at Silicon Valley Forth Interest Group meetings in 1992. An idiosyncratic programming environment, the colors simplify Forth's semantics, speed compilation, and are said to aid Chuck's own poor eyesight: colorForth uses different colors in its source code to determine how different words are treated. colorForth was originally developed as the scripting language for Chuck's own homebrew VLSI CAD program OKAD, with...
ISBN: 978-6-1338-2152-1
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! COMAL (Common Algorithmic Language) is a computer programming language developed in Denmark by Benedict L fstedt and B rge R. Christensen in 1973. The "COMAL 80 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE REPORT" contains the formal definition of the language. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1317-2218-9
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Combined Programming Language was a computer programming language developed jointly between the Mathematical Laboratory at the University of Cambridge and the University of London Computer Unit during the 1960s. The collaborative effort was responsible for the "Combined" in the name of the language. D.W. Barron and Christopher Strachey were involved. In 1963 it was currently being implemented on the Titan Computer at Cambridge and the Atlas Computer at London. It was heavily influenced by ALGOL 60 but, instead of being extremely small, elegant and simple, CPL was intended for a wider application area than scientific calculations and was therefore...
ISBN: 978-6-1318-6926-6
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
In computer programming, COMEFROM (or COME FROM) is an obscure control flow structure used in some programming languages, primarily as a joke. COMEFROM is roughly the opposite of GOTO in that it can take the execution state from any arbitrary point in code to a COMEFROM statement. The point in code where the state transfer happens is usually given as a parameter to COMEFROM. Whether the transfer happens before or after the instruction at the specified transfer point depends on the language used. Depending on the language used, multiple COMEFROMs referencing the same departure point may be invalid, be non- deterministic, be executed in some sort of defined priority, or even induce parallel or otherwise concurrent execution as seen in...
ISBN: 978-6-1307-5762-5
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In web development, Comet is a neologism to describe a web application model in which a long-held HTTP request allows a web server to push data to a browser, without the browser explicitly requesting it. Comet is an umbrella term for multiple techniques for achieving this interaction. All these methods rely on features included by default in browsers, such as JavaScript, rather than on non-default plugins. In theory, the Comet approach differs from the original model of the web, in which a browser requests a complete web page or chunks of data to update a web page. However in practice, Comet applications typically use Ajax with long polling to detect new information on the server. The concept...
ISBN: 978-6-1325-8039-9
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Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A command-line interpreter is a computer program that reads lines of text entered by a user and interprets them in the context of a given operating system or programming language.Command-line interpreters allow users to issue various commands in a very efficient way. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1328-3723-3
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In the C and C++ programming languages, the comma operator (represented by the token ,) is a binary operator that evaluates its first operand and discards the result, it then evaluates the second operand and returns this value (and type). The comma operator has the lowest precedence of any C operator, and acts as a sequence point. The use of the comma token as an operator is distinct from its use in function calls and definitions, variable declarations, enum declarations, and similar constructs, where it acts as a separator. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5226-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Robert Howlett (born 1831 in Theberton, Suffolk, died 10 Bedford Place, Campden Hill, Kensington, London, 2 Dec 1858), was a pioneering British photographer whose pictures are widely exhibited in major galleries. Howlett produced portraits of Crimean War heroes, genre scenes and landscapes. His photographs include the iconic picture of Isambard Kingdom Brunel which was part of a commission by The Times (or Illustrated Times) to document the construction of the world's largest steamship, the SS Great Eastern. He exhibited at the London Photographic Society and published “On the Various Methods of Printing...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-8528-9
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
In computer programming, a comment is a programming language construct used to embed programmer-readable annotations in the source code of a computer program. Those annotations are potentially significant to programmers but typically ignorable to compilers and interpreters. Comments are usually added with the purpose of making the source code easier to understand. The syntax and rules for comments vary and are usually defined in a programming language specification (see the syntax of comments in various programming languages). Comments have a wide range of potential uses: from augmenting program code with basic descriptions, to generating external documentation. Comments are also used for integration with source code management systems...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-6300-1
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In the context of computer science and data management, commit refers to the idea of making a set of tentative changes permanent. A popular usage is at the end of a transaction. A commit is the act of committing.A COMMIT statement in SQL ends a transaction within a relational database management system (RDBMS) and makes all changes visible to other users. The general format is to issue a BEGIN WORK statement, one or more SQL statements, and then the COMMIT statement. Alternatively, a ROLLBACK statement can be issued, which undoes all the work performed since BEGIN WORK was issued. A COMMIT statement will also...
ISBN: 978-6-1332-2420-9
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The Common Algebraic Specification Language (CASL) is a general-purpose specification language based on first-order logic with induction. Partial functions and subsorting are also supported. CASL has been designed by CoFI, the Common Framework Initiative, with the aim to subsume many existing specification languages. The four levels are orthogonal to each other. In particular, it is possible to use CASL structured and architectural specifications and libraries with logics other than CASL. For this purpose, the logic has to be formalized as an institution. This feature is also used by the CASL extensions....
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5233-5
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The Common Language Runtime is a core component of Microsoft's .NET initiative. It is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure standard, which defines an execution environment for program code. In the CLR, code is expressed in a form of bytecode called the Common Intermediate Language. Developers using the CLR write code in a language such as C# or VB.NET. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1337-5879-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The Common Lisp HyperSpec is a hypertext version of the ANSI Common Lisp standard, comprising approximately 15MB of data in 2,300 files which contain approximately 105,000 hyperlinks. The HyperSpec is used by many Common Lisp development environments (examples are LispWorks, SLIME) for looking up reference information for the constructs of ANSI Common Lisp. The HyperSpec is also available for download. Before the ANSI Common Lisp standard, the book Common Lisp the Language has been used as a reference. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается...
ISBN: 978-6-1331-5243-4
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Книга по требованию
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